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Dreaming... Part V

1/30/2022

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I guess the folks at Washington DC's Willard Hotel don't need a very large advertising budget.

Yesterday I did a Google search and  in .73 of a second the net found 3.2 million hits. Today I repeated this little exercise and it took a whopping .96 of one second to now get over 4 million hits.

Willard's of course is the same hotel which has been mentioned several times in the last 4 blogs. It was here that key Trump men met in their "war rooms" to devise a scheme to prevent Biden from taking his elected seat at the head of the US government as the President for all men,  women, and children regardless of political persuasions.

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It was also here at the earlier Willard's (top of above two) that the idea of a Medal of Honor was born, as noted in the last blog. It was also at this earlier building that secret meetings between leaders of dozens of states met to try and avoid plunging into the worst war in US history... the US Civil War. Tragically their hopes were destroyed, along with much of America in those 4 tragic years in the 1860's.

Jumping forward 4 decades the US closed its eyes as the Government and it's bureaucrats ignored the US Constitution and committed a horrible sin that still haunts  the US a century later. Worse yet, with eyes closed, they refused to see what was right before them.

Properly handled, the concept could have been a guiding light, a learning tool if you will, that might have played a major role in the antics of earlier this month.

That tool is the US Constitution!

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Representative Jordan claimed, without court support, that the election results were  illegal due to all of the questions his party raised to argue, unsuccessfully, that the votes cast could not be treated as valid.

Thus, if accurate, he noted, as above caption shows, that the votes were to be treated  as no votes whatsoever. His goal, if the above succeeded, was to have the various states elect their own two representatives as the only votes to be counted in the final tally.

And these, since coming from Republican states, would tally more than the Democrats, and then Trump would become  the winner of the election.

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Law maker Jordan then argued, as above shown, that no legislative action  that offends the Constitution can stand.

Too bad he wasn't around in 1916. If he was,  maybe he could have tried to stop the Purge of about 1,000 medals. But alas,  he wasn't around and the Purge went ahead. 

Had the Purge been properly handling in 1916, a lesson would have been on the books that could apply today. That being... Do not try to do anything that offends the constitution. But the lesson is not there and the US government now threatens to yet again disregard the law and kill 20 medals awarded at Wounded Knee.

The medals can be rescinded but only if using the Constitution's rules.

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George Hobday and Marvin Hillock are both Medal of Honor recipients who played a roll in the Battle of Wounded Knee. Both have Canadian connections.

Hobday's actual medal is shown above as is his first grave marker, complete with his name misspelled. A corrected  marker was later erected by members of the Medal of Honor Historical Society of the US. For the past decade I have been a proud member and only member from Canada in this organization.

Both of these medals will suffer the same fate as the rest of the 20 medals awarded for that battle. One which clearly had terrible consequences... and slaughter of native men, women and children. The soldiers also suffered and bravery was evident on both sides of the battle.

I am not sure about the appropriateness of going backwards to kill medals but am very sure about the law with regards to taking such actions. That law, which was ignored, would have prevented about 1000 Medals of Honor from Civil War days and other events, from  being illegally rescinded. The same lurks on the horizon for those 20 above noted.

This US history has been mostly hidden for well over a century. It remains to this day as the biggest stain on the very virtues of the Medal of Honor and what it stands for!

Numerous past blogs in this space have articulated the issues involved in the original purge of 1916, and in particular, the story of the 27th Maine receiving about 800 medals when only about 300 should have been awarded. (Past blogs give exact numbers.)

After considerable pressure from various groups, and several attempts to have the medals cancelled, it came to a head with the  above noted Purge.

There were several issues regarding the Purge that needed, but did not get aired in any courts of law. Lawgivers demanding certain actions had their orders changed by subordinates without ever going back  to Congress for approval.

Medal of Honor recipients were then ordered to return all of the 27th medals. So to, for a handful of others!

In this process the authorities ignored certain provisions under the Constitution that called for the extension of rights such as being formerly accused of some form of a violation, an order to appear before a legitimate tribunal, have council, be able to present and challenge evidence given and  more.

None of this took place!

But all recipients involved were ordered to surrender their medals, and failing same, the wearing or displaying of them would be treated as a felony.

All of the medals, returned or otherwise,  were then put into such a documented status that they could be considered to be rescinded.

This injustice took place in 1916 and remains in place today. It is nothing short of the biggest stain on the very medal government seeks to honor today's heroes with. (In earlier days the awarding criteria allowed for the awarding of some medals for lower status than today.)

Had the law of the land been used in the years prior to the Purge dates, those in power would have realized that the rescinding was quite contrary to law.

Since then, later governments would have had some case law to guide them in their plans of the day.

One such scheme, on-going as I write, could have benefited from the case-law... that was never created, because of past incompetence. Current Democrat's proposal to have the President sign (without authority) and the Congress created law to rescind the 20 medals above noted. (Unless of course they comply with the requirement of the US Constitution above noted.)

Researching the subject over the past decades will produce lots of disparaging remarks regarding the 27th Maine. But at  the same time you will rarely see how the government acted illegally, as noted herein, and continued with the purge. Rather than following the law, the just flew by the seat of their pants. And got away with it!

And who is doing anything about it? Not a single person that I can find.

Should any government choose to rescind a medal, they should ensure that all of the appropriate  sections of the Constitution are  read, understood and applied first.

They may feel free to consult my past blogs to learn more about their laws regarding these matters.

I highly recommend all concerned with this topic to have a thorough read of this great book, though dated as it is. You may well come away with an entirely different view of the Medal of Honor and the incredible scandal that stands to this very day.

One that needs your attention!
 

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I welcome your comments.

Other pressing matters prevents me from appearing this space next Sunday, But I shall hopefully return the following week,

Cheers,

Bart

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Dreaming... Part lV

1/23/2022

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When I left off last week with the story of "Dreaming", I said that the next hopefully would be the last blog on this subject. I fear it may only be the 2nd last... but we shall see.

Willard's Hotel, but a block from the White House in Washington DC, was quite the most famous and probably one of, if not the leading plush hotel in the entire country.

Every President for the day from the mid 1850's till today would stay at... or participate in one or more events at the Willard. Royalty would stay there, as would many a General. 

One famous general of the day to stay at Willard's  was Tom Thumb, mention in earlier columns in this space. He once got lost(?) apparently traveling from Halifax to Dartmouth NS, just  a few minutes  ride on a ferryboat. When the call came for his stage appearance, no one could find him. He fell asleep in the COAT POCKET of his stage manager. (Use the search engine in upper right to find the blog for a refresher.)

Other Willard guests included Mark Twain, Walt Whitman, Sam Morse,  the Duke of Windsor and  Harry Houdini who also appeared at Halifax for a performance.

Yet another guest was Charles Dickens, who had earlier attending one of the openings of the Nova Scotia legislature, the smallest such government building in all of the Canadian provinces. He would later describe his experiences like..."looking at Westminster through the wrong end of a telescope."

Other Willard guests included Gypsy Rose Lee, Gloria Swanson, Emily Dickinson and Alfred Loyd George. Still more included PT Barnum and Buffalo Bill Cody, who would one day be awarded the US Medal of Honor for bravery during some of his bravery whilst serving as an Indian scout.

Cody earned his nickname by  killing some 4,280 Buffalo in 18 months  to supply meat for the workers on the rail line  for the Pacific Railway Company. His wild west shows traveled in and out of the states, Canada and beyond. In 1988 over 150 relatives came from across North America to an area now known as Mississauga Ontario, just west of Toronto to hold an International Cody Family  Convention.


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 Yet another Willard guest was Julia Ward Howe, shown above. She penned the lyrics  to the Battle Hymn of the Republic while staying at the Willard.

Our own late Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau visited DC and attended  a stag event at Willard's in his honor many years ago.

In 1963 Martin Luther King also stayed at the Willard. And it was from here that the title of these blogs comes. In his words   ... I have a dream... have become famous and were written within the walls of the Willard hotel.

That speech was only 14 minutes long but it got some attention. Actually lots of it! Below is the photo of this iconic American.

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Not sure how many you can count, but I got to  250,000 that attended to hear this leader's powerful words of wisdom, far  too much of which is ignored, I fear, today.

The event marked the movement known as the March to Washington for jobs and freedoms in July 1963.

Before signing off today, I must tell you about a story so integral to the story of the Medal Of Honor, and the very reason for these blogs. It also has a connection to Willard's Hotel.

Just previous to the Civil War in the US, the American government knew that it needed a lot of higher ranking officers that had been at war in the past. So they sought out trained military men from around the world. Indicative to the fact that when one looks at the numbers of Medals of Honor from the Civil War they soon realize that one in I believe 4 medals, during that war went to non Americans from around the world.

So in the early days the streets of DC were often crowded with wanna be USA military officers, wearing the gear from their home countries and hopping to get hired on with the Union forces. In very early 1861, crowds were moving about outside of the Willard hotel roaming the street in their own country uniforms.

Lt Col. Edward Townsend, the then serving  Adjutant General was amongst the crowd one day and saw a youth trying to look out above the crowd to see all these foreign officers parading about. Townsend approach a fellow and learned that he was a 14 year old drummer boy serving in the Union army.

When asking the youth about what he had seen, and what most impressed him the child looked up at the Lt. Colonel. He said ... It's the medals sir.. It's all the medals they have."

Now at that time things were not going well for the Union army. It had suffered many losses to the Confederates and Townsend thought  that he had a solution to help the Union troops work harder and the increased morale could help them on the battle front. If they too... had some medals to show their comrades, hopes would be that those soldiers and sailors  would fight even harder for the cause.

The Adjutant General took this idea and shared it with  Edward M Stanton, the current Secretary of War. He proposed a medal for gallantry and distinguished service. Such would hopefully inspire the young aspirants to glory. A week later he again visited Stanton and the Secretary of the Navy... Gideon Welles was present.

Townsend was told to go lightly because  it was known that the Secretary for the Army disliked the idea, though he himself had a chestful of medals. Welles, representing the Navy had no such problem and moved forward with a proposal that soon saw the creation of the first ever US Medal Honor, and it was just for the navy men. Soon the army then followed  suit but this was several months later.

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Shown above is the Civil War version of the Navy Medal of Honor. Note that below the ribbon and suspension bar there is a navy anchor. The army version, as oft noted in earlier blogs in this space,  was different.

I suspect that most Canadians and Americans, including those who have earned the Medal and  are still alive today, (about 66) know nothing or little about the materials  you have just read within this very blog.

And that folks, is a shame!

See you next week,

Bart

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Dreaming, Part lll

1/16/2022

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Today's story continues from the last 2 blogs about Allan Pinkerton, his Canadian connection,  his detective agency and it's work for different US railways.

This work soon saw him being appointed  as the personal bodyguard to Abraham Lincoln. As such, while conducting railway investigations Pinkerton heard of a very serious plot to assassinate the President Elect before his Washington DC inauguration took place.

It was to take place along the route from Springfield Ill. to DC.


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This is the route Lincoln would take from his home to the nation's capital. (Ironically it would be the same route he would take, in reverse, after he was  assassinated by John Wilkes Booth several years later.)

The would-be assassins had a plan to be initiated in the  Baltimore area. But Pinkerton changed the route from the normal line through Baltimore to another that had arrival much earlier and the actual disconnecting of a sleeping car in Baltimore and hauled a mile across town by carriages, the hook-up with another line, and then on to DC, which proved a success.

To hide Lincoln's identity,  Pinkerton trained him to shuffle along,  bent over with use of a cane, the wearing of a wig and woman's hat and being accompanied by a female aid. (one of his female detectives.)
 
The  press later had great fun with the guise...that actually worked.  Here is an example....


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Arriving in DC at about 6 am they went directly to one of the best hotel's in town...Willard's, just a block away from the White House. There they quickly fled into the plush hotel through its Pennsylvania Avenue women's entrance on 14th Street and  were quickly given a room.
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The hotel location is indicated by the blue dot. But at the time, the entrance to the hotel, much smaller than today, was,  I believe a block south of that indicated above. Below is an image of the hotel in the 1860's.
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And somewhat improved, here is an image of the hotel currently...
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President Elect Abraham Lincoln would stay at Willard's until his being sworn in and moving into the White House on 4 March 1861.

Soon after arrival in DC, Pinkerton would send a telegram to his employers that..."Plums delivered Nuts Safely".  He apparently was... "Plums."

Willard's hotel is about 7 blocks away from the Canadian  Embassy. Had I known about the hotel whist in DC several years ago, I would have visited it. But like probably a thousand and more that walk to or past the hotel daily, I suspect that they do not see two very important plaques on the wall to the right of the main entrance into Willard's.

Here they are....

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At the very time Abraham Lincoln was staying at Willard's the above noted secret conference was on going. More than just dreaming... it  was an attempt to  resolve the issues between all the states and to try to end the move toward war that would ultimately start with the Fort Sumter bombings on 12 April 1862. (In a few months it will be 160 yrs ago that tragic war started. 

Latest estimates indicate that some 750,000 deaths occurred during the 4 year war. Two out of every 3 were by disease rather  than in battle.

Next week I will bring the final blog on this subject.

Hope you will join me then, and like always, I enjoy getting your comments.

Cheers
Bart

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Dreaming... Part ll

1/9/2022

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Last week I started to bring you the story of Allan  Pinkerton who would eventually own what would become the oldest and largest non governmental security agency in the world. It in fact had some 2,000 detectives and about 30,000 part time agents in  the 1890's and far outnumbered the few thousand within the US Armed forces of the day.

With offices across Canada and the US, the firm was finally sold off in 1999. The following year Burns Security also sold out to the Pinkerton buyers. The new owners are called
Securitas, a firm that was by then several decades old. It is  now the largest private security company in the world. A title Pinkerton owned till 1999.


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This is a photo of Allan Pinkerton probably after the US Civil War.

Most history books tell us that Allan was born in Scotland and came to America where he reached fame in various ventures. Often left out of the resource materials is the fact that while the above is true, BEFORE coming to America, he came to the colony of British North America, an area now called Canada.

This oversight is oft repeated in resource materials, and is unfortunate for those seeking ACCURATE information!

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Above we see a portion of one of his early office documents and letterhead. And below that, a closer look at the private eye. Also shown, is one of the earliest buttons probably concealed under a jacket or coat that railway agents of the firm wore.

Pinkertons used this logo to give the public the impression the detectives never sleep, and are always on the job for their clients. Always keeping their eye open to what was going on in the client's business!

Pick up any dictionary and you will see that this Pinkerton logo is the very source of the famous phrase ... private eye.

In the late  1850's Allan Pinkerton became an agent for the US Treasury Department. This no doubt due to his expansive work with various railways. And the chasing down of bandits and other criminals who used the rails to flee from one jurisdiction to another on hopes of evading capture. Perhaps from  their also making the very railroads their victims to boot.

At the time Allan Pinkerton was also well acquainted with two civil war Major Generals. One of these was  John A McLernand.  The 2nd being George B McLellan who was the Chief Engineer,  then VP of the Illinois Central Railway and later the President of the Ohio and Mississippi Railway. And this general's employer had a lawyer named Abraham Lincoln.

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Here we see Allan Pinkerton on left, next to Abraham Lincoln and Major General, and soon to be, commanding General of the US Army. They stood overlooking the Antietam battlefield just a few weeks after the battle, one of the worst of the war, and the loss of about 26,000 soldiers. But with their lives the Southern forces where driven back across the Maryland State line in October, 1862. 

At the time Allan Pinkerton often used the code-name Major Allan, and at this point was acting as a Lincoln bodyguard and Chief of the Union Intelligence Service. (The  forerunner to the US Secret Service of today.)

This story continues Sunday next.

Hope you will join me then,

Bart

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Dreaming...

1/3/2022

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Al, like most of us, was born in the first year of his life. Like none of us, that year was 1819.

This was in Scotland and times were tough where they lived in Glasgow. His father was a policeman who was shot on the job. He would later die from the injury. Al, a younger brother and mother were all faced with then living in near poverty. They no doubt dreamed of better days!

Al was just 8 years old at the time!

By age ten he had left school, became a heavy reader and self taught himself to be a weaver, and then a cooper, the trade of making wooden barrels etc.

Soon  formal recognition was given for his abilities in the coopering trade. This led to not only doing a lot of work outside of Glasgow, but in teaching the trade to others.

Al would soon get involved in labor and political reform matters. He became an active  leader in the Chartist Movement that demanded expanding of voting rights and more.

These actions got the folks in England to put out a warrant for his arrest. But the Scottish liked him so much they ignored the warrants. Then came down the word that British authorities would soon be coming to get him. So Al had to make a move... literally!

The family had relatives in American and so they dreamed of joined them and starting a new life away from the Brits.

Al's younger brother and wife had traveled that route earlier so Al, and his wife, (who got married a year under age) and Al's mother set off for America. En-route they were shipwrecked when blown off course some 250 miles south east of Halifax near Sable Island, Nova Scotia. While apparently losing everything except  ..."twenty five pennies," Al, wife and mother were rescued by another vessel. They were carried off,  possibly to Halifax. Soon  they would make it to Quebec where he would earn briefly make a living briefly back in barrel making. Saving up his funds, the family then saw a move to Montreal where he again earned money with a start up cooperage business.

By 1842 the family had moved to a small township, about 50 miles from Chicago. There he built the family a log cabin. Soon he was again, but not before building a log cabin for the family.

As work progressed he had to wander about looking for wood for his barrel making. While searching on nearbye Bogus Island he found something rather curious. it was a small fire pit in the middle of what appeared to be no-where. Having his father's keen eye for illegal activities Al returned several nights to find the same pit being used again.

Thinking it might be a money forgery site, he finally  told the local sheriff, who deputized him. The two  then returned and found men in the act of making fake bills. Arrests where made and Al would continue snooping about and making connections to the Chicago Police and by 1849 he was  appointed its first ever  first ever police detective in the force.

Still dreaming for more, in 1850 he and a lawyer joined forces to create  the North Western Police Agency.

Not long after, (he he),  Al would grow a surname.... it was Pinkerton!

And the above business name would soon change to Pinkerton and Co., and still later to the Pinkerton National Detective Agency.

Back in those days towns had there own laws and crooks could easily escape by simply moving on to another jurisdiction. The railways in particular had a real concern about this as robbers would easily escape  robbing  trains and the "locals" were powerless to deal with them because of jurisdictional matters. 

But with the advent of Pinkertons, they had no boundaries to challenge their activities.

And a big part of this change came along with Al's meeting up with a railway engineer by the name of John McClernand, who later became a railway's president and, also a federal politician. It was also helpful to Pinkerton that this same man became a US Civil  War Union Major General. Nor did it hurt to have that railway's lawyer being a man named Abraham Lincoln.

The story of the Pinkerton dreams continue on Sunday the 9th in this space.

(And by the way a very belated Merry Christmas and Happy New Year.}

Hope to see you then,
Bart






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    Author;
    Bart Armstrong, C.D.,
    Recipient, Sovereign's Medal for Volunteers 

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