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My clunkety old medal detector (computer) makes a great sounding buzzing... (a hit from the net) ... yet again!

12/28/2014

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I'm back from a 2 week break for the holidays. The blogs will start back with the first of possibly three on the incredible story of not one..but two Medals of Honor.

There's an old saying that..."when the student is ready, the teacher will appear." There's another that says that ... 'if you want different results, don't keep doing the same thing over and over." And yet another that says that when searching the net... try using different filters or enquiries... do your search... from another angle... if you will.

Well, I have been trying off and on for some time to get some information on one of the heroes I am researching... in fact two of them... but not getting some of the info I really wanted. But then I thought... why search for a Robert when its the third most popular name in the US,  or Smith, the most popular surname again in the US, with some 2.7 million across the nation. Maybe I  should be searching for one of their kin, and  within that, might get what I really want... stuff on a relative!

Using that line of thinking, I tried yet another search just a few days ago... and walla... the medal detector (my computer)  gave me a most interesting link.

It led me to the father of the two boys. Boys who would grow up to be international heroes. Boys who would earn the Medal of Honor and become one set of at least seven, if not more sets of brothers that would earn the medal at some point in its history dating back to Civil War days. (The net likes to oft repeat the erroneous statement that there were only 5 sets of brothers who would ultimatley be awarded the MOH. Clearly there were at least two sets from that war so awarded, but later had their medals cancelled by illegal means. (The subject has been covered by many blogs on this site in the past.) The two removed from the lists in question were from Canada, as where more than a dozen others.

But today's blog is not about them. It will be about my recent discovery, and will be followed up by blogs on the two sons, Anthony August (Tony) Gaujot, and his older brother Julien Edmund Gaujot.


Routine internet searches tell of an American birth, but early migration to Canada and then a return to the US and later military service and the earning of their medals. My interest on these heroes begins with their connection to Canada. Most search results simply said they lived for a few years in Ontario. No dates or lengths of time or location in Ontario seemed to be available. Ontario is Canada's largest province to day with just over a million square miles. Back in the 1880's when the family lived there the population was at about 2 million. Searching for the boys was like looking for a needle in the haystack.

How do you find two guys in a population of 2 million?  I got no internet hits telling of the boys lives in Canada. But then I decided to search for their father... Ernest and that's when details starting revealing themselves.

In April of 1884 the Select Committee of Geological Surveys, for the Dominion of Canada's House of Commons, issued a report and contains an entry regarding Ernest R Gaujot. It notes that at the time Ernest was a resident of Belleville Ontario, some 190 km east of Toronto and about 80 west of Kingston along Lake Ontario. It reveals that he was not only a mining engineer but the manager of the Philadelphia and Canada Phosphate Company and involved in the gold mines near Marmora in the same county of Hastings where he lived. It claimed he was doing this from 1880 till 1882.
Two of the mines of interest were the Gattling and Tuttle mines. Gattling being rumoured to be possibly connected with a brother of the same named Gattling, and inventor of the early machine gun. (Two of these killing machines saw their first use in Canada during the Riel Rebellion of March 1885.)

By the early 1880's Ernest had accumulated many years in the mining business all over the world. He would describe one of Ontario mines in which he was involved in the Mamora area of Ontario, some 60 kms north of Belleville as being ..."one of the largest veins I have ever seen." In the above noted report he would note that about 200 miners worked the mines and some had shafts dug 200 feet deep, some even with lines running out a similar length, far below the surface.  One gold mine was said to have a vein of from 8 to 24 feet and running over 10 miles in length. Others with iron deposits ran northward  some 80 miles.

An 1881 national census had Ernest living in some form of a rooming house in the Marmora area and living with the owner, wife and 2 children, 2 servants and over a dozen mining employees. At the same time and through the 1880's various directories like  Kimball's, City of Belleville, and Hastings all have Ernest identified as being a mining engineer and living in Belleville with one even noting he lived on N Alexander and another listing an address at the corners of Bridge and Pinnacle.

Further searches of the father's name led me to a link to a bio of the husband of a woman named Clotheline Gaudjot, who it identified as being born in Belleville in 1883, and that her father was indeed Ernest. Clothline and her bothers Antoine and Julien were all of public school, if not high school age during the decade it is believed their father was in Ontario mining and all may well have attended one of the 5 public schools, the central school, the lone high school, the girl's school in the case of Clothline or any of the handful of private schools in Belleville during the decade.


Probably in 1889 Ernest and wife moved their two American born boys and their Canadian born daughter to West Virginia.

The facinating story of the boys will be started in this space next Sunday.

On another note, please check the dates of blogs listed at the top right of this screen. Note the beginning..back in December of 2012. This month marks the beginning on the third year of these blogs.

I hope you are finding them not only informative, but enjoyable and a good read!

Bart

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The story behind the recent Ottawa unveiling of a Victoria Cross plaque

12/7/2014

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The last two blogs in this space were in a way...out of order. By this I mean that they ought to have appeared before several on a related subject appeared. Trouble is, the later story did not come to light for me till well into the earlier stories on the same subject. Sort of makes sense. I think!
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The last two stories brought you the adventures of Reginal (Rex)  Warneford.

He was born in Indian but at a very young age moved to England, signed up for service in the air wing of the navy and went on to serve in Europe during the Great War.

A few months after the Germans starting bombing of London by monstrous Zeppelin balloons, he would become the very first in the war to shoot one down during an air battle. Rex was flying his single winged, one passeger plane when he saw the enemy balloon that was the very balloon to drop the first bombs on England just a few months earlier.

He followed it for several hours till be could manouver above it, where it had no defences and then dropped his bombs on it. When it expoded his own plane was impacted by the sudden rush of air pressure which flipped his craft upside down. He went into a nose dive with loss of control, managed to still fly it some 35 miles into enemy territory, fix up minor repairs and set off again to fight more battles.

Within days he was directed to go to Paris where he was invested with the equivalent medal to the US's Medal of Honor. That very day he took a new plane up for 2 test runs, the first solo and the second with a reporter. Then the plane malfunctioned in mid air, and again flipped upside down. Both were thrown from the plane because it had no seat belts. Both died, the passenger immediately, and Rex enroute to hospital.

He was supposed to leave Paris for London where he was to receive his Victoria Cross, but instead, fate ended his life at the early age of 23.

Rex is shown above, as is a likeness of the plane he flew in the battle that destroyed the Zeppelin, also shown above.


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Now setting Rex's story aside for a few moments, it was back in August of last year that the British government decided to honour Victoria Cross recipients from the Great War. A plan was to be a signifacant part of the overall 1914-18 remembrance of the 100th year since the first World War began.

Part of the plan was to have a contest to design a plaque for these great war heroes and have to have it unveiled on the very day, 100 years after the deed took place and the VC was later awaded for.

Past blogs told of the public outcry when the details began to emerge. A plaque was designed (called a paving stone) and the authorities went about creating hundreds on the pattern shown here. Trouble is, those who were making the decisions of the day blew it. They decided that only those who WERE BORN in England would get one of these plaques.

The public began to demand that the narrow parameters would exclude other VC heroes, born elsewhere but clearly as deserving of recognition that those born in England would get. Still others argued that some born in England went off to other countries, later earning the VC, but by the earliest of rules also did not qualify for this honour. Still others complained that all VC recipients were as deserving.

One of the strong groups advocating that the plans had to be revisited was the very regiment that earned 3 VC's and one of these was Rex from India. And thus I thought I ought to bring you Rex's story.

Another of the many coming forth argued that the same discrimination was being applied in the case of a 26 year old who moved to England also as a child and ended up being killed in battle leading his regiment in a charge. His name was Phillip Bent, and he was born at Halifax Nova Scotia in January 1891. He was apparently the youngest Lt.Col in the army of the day. But according to the rules, he was a hero that earned the VC posthumously but not important enough to be honored.

But that changed. Both he and Rex and several hundred more will all be honoured thanks to the watchfull eye of the British public. 


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As a result of all of the pressures to recognize the other VC recipients the plans were altered and about 175 other recipients from 11 countries are now being honoured by having their names added to one of the 11 plaques. Past blogs have brought you details of these plaques (shown above) and the unveiling on November 6th at Arlington National Cemetery of the plaque that came to the United States. It lists the unknow soldier of WW1 in France and then the names of four of the five Americans earning the VC as well. One not listed earned it many many years before the First World War. The remaining four, whist American born, all served in Canadian regiments. Past blogs brought news of the event at Arlington and my efforts to first tell of the event, then as learned, when it would take place and thirdly, when released, who would be doing the unveiling, to my contact at the Canadian Embassy at Washington and also to the current commanding officers of the four regiments in Canada that these heroes served with in the Great War.
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On November 10th HRH Princess Anne and her husband, The Candian Minister of Veterans Affairs, the High Commissioner from London, our chief of the Defence Staff, veterans, dignitaries, military and the public gathered to witness the unveiling of the Canadian Plaque. It is mounted on the outside of the High Commission offices at Ottawa.

It should be remembered by all that in the Great War there were 628 Victoria Crosses awarded. That is almost half of all awarded sinec inception. But nevertheless with the millions who fought, it is indeed an honour for those proud enough to be on the receiving end. And of those 628... only 365 were born in England.

Certainly something to reflect on. And speaking of reflection  I would like to end with this wonderful image.

It speaks volumes...
despite being blurry!
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"Honoured by the King, admired by the Empire, but mourned by all," part 2 of the hero Reginald (Rex) Warneford, VC

12/2/2014

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Though not facing the obstacles that Rex faced in this story, I had a few that caused the delay in this update. Sorry but things happen. But moving on... I have made some slight changes to the first blog about Rex and you might want to revist it before reading today's.

Not mentioned in the last blog, the German Zeppelin company balloon that Rex was chasing  was one of three sent on a bombing mission over London. Two turned back due to wind conditions while the third continued with the run. The three were communicating with each other by radio, and all of the conversations were being monitored by the Allies who lay in wait for their approach. On hearing of the two being returned they redirected their planes in the area of the expected routes. Rex was one of these and it was he who eventually found the "long green cigar shapped" object 25 miles away. It was the Zeppelin numbered..LZ 37.. and was the very dirigable that conducted the first bombing of London back in May of 1915. 

As he approached he was driven back by machine gun fire from the gondolas below the balloon. He then headed off in another direction and unknowst to them circled back to follow from quite a distance. For two hours he followed and got his chance to attack, when the ballist was dropped and the balloon lowered to dip between the clouds and make her approach to home base in occupied Belgium.

Thanks to Rex she never made it home.

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Here you can see several workers below the Zeppelin at its hanger in better days.

It was at about 2.30 a.m. on 7 June 1915 that Rex dropped his bombs and at least one hitting the Zeppelin that destoyed it. After his escape,  crash landing, repairs and flying off again, he got back to his home base about 10.30 in the morning. By then the word was travelling all across the British Empire of the battle and how he became the first in the war to bring down an enemy dirigible in air combat.

On the 8th the British Admiralty sent him a telegram offering the congratulations of HRH King George V and further advised that he was soon to return to England as the King had awarded him the Victoria Cross. It would be just the second VC to an airman of the war, the first for bringing down a balloon, and the first in history to be announced via a telegram.

Soon word came that he was also being honoured by the King of France. He was to report to Paris to receive the French Legion d Honnour. This is the country's highest national award. From there he would pick up a plane destined for the military in England, fly it home and be invested with the VC whilst there.

On reporting to Paris he was greated by large crowds wherever he went, and of course stayed at none other then the world famous Ritz.

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   Twenty-three year old Reginald Warneford is shown here while in Paris and proudly wearing the Legion d Honneur. It was presented by France's Chief of the General Staff... General Joffre. In attendance was the country's Minister of Marine and no doubt many other dignitaries.

Since the medal could not be produced quickly enough for the ceremony, General Joffre, a proud holder of the medal himself, took his off his uniform and presented it to Rex. In doing so he noted that.." I shall be pleased to wear the one destined for you in its stead."

At the time of the photo Rex had been awarded his Victoria Cross but he had still yet to receive it in the days to come.

(Regular readers in this space will hopefully remember the story covered here about American born hero Colonel Lewis Millett, who also removed a very senior medal from his chest to present to another recipient who was awaiting his own medal's arrival many years ago.)


It was probably on the same day of the presentation that he later received control of the new plane destined for Britain. He would take it on two test flights. The first without incident. On the second he was asked to allow a accomplished American journalist in France at the time, to accompany him on another short flight. He complied and during that flight mechanical failures caused a wing to drop off. Soon after take-off it was flipped upside down and went into a spiral down to earth. Since there were no seatbelts yet installed, both men were thrown out of the plane. 

The journalist was killed immediately. Rex lived to everyone's surprise but had major injuries. The very medal he was just presented was now imbedded through his jacket and into his chest. Rex died before he made it to the hospital.
The above photo was no doubt one of the last taken of him.

Rex's coffin and that of the journalist were visited by thousands at a funeral in St Gordans. Rex's coffin carriage was draped with the largest of the wreaths including a massive one in the shape of an airplane, complete with left and right wings. And on one of these was a floral arrangement in the shape of the French Medal of Honour, while on the other an arrangement in the shape of the Victoria Cross. On the propellor was a card that contained the message... " Honoured by the King, admired by the Empire, but morned by all."

It was later decided that Rex Warneford's body needed to be shipped back to England for burial on Englishg soil and this was done before massive crowds said to number in excess of 50,000. 


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Rex's Victoria Cross was later presented by the Admiralty to his mother. In August the Admiralty also presented her with  a duplicate of his Medal of Honour. Both appear above at either end of his medal group, now held in a British museum. Between these are his 1914-15 Star, British War Medal and Victory Medal. The VC is enlarged at right. Note the old blue ribbon that was used for all but the army until the Royal Air Force was created several years later. Since then all VC ribbons are the familar red (crimsom) colour.

On Sunday I will bring you the story of why this VC award is of historical significance to almost a dozen countries around the world.

Bart

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    Author;
    Bart Armstrong, C.D.,
    Recipient, Sovereign's Medal for Volunteers 

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